
非谓语动词是指在句子中不是谓语的动词形式,主要包括不定式(to do)、动名词(doing)和分词(包括现在分词doing和过去分词done)。以下是每种非谓语动词形式的经典例子:
一、动词不定式(Infinitive)
作主语:
- To learn a new language is always a rewarding experience. (学习一门新语言总是一种有益的经历。)
- To learn a foreign language is not easy. (学习一门外语并不容易。)
作宾语:
- I decided to take a trip to Europe next summer. (我决定明年夏天去欧洲旅行。)
- He wants to buy some stamps. (他想要买一些邮票。)
- I want to travel the world. (我想环游世界。)
作表语:
- My goal is to become a successful writer. (我的目标是成为一名成功的作家。)
- His job is to look after the children. (他的工作是照顾孩子们。)
- My dream is to become a doctor. (我的梦想是成为一名医生。)
作定语:
- I have a book to read before bedtime. (我有一本睡前要读的书。)
- I want something to eat. (我想要一些吃的东西。)
- I have a letter to write. (我有一封信要写。)
作状语:
- He came here to see his friend. (他来这里看望他的朋友。)
- She was surprised to see George walk in. (看到乔治进来,她很惊讶。)
二、动名词(Gerund)
作主语:
- Reading is an essential skill for learning any subject. (阅读是学习任何科目的基本技能。)
- Reading books is good for your mind. (读书对你的大脑有好处。)
- Talking is not allowed in the library. (在图书馆里不允许说话。)
作宾语:
- I enjoy watching movies on weekends. (我喜欢在周末看电影。)
- I enjoy swimming in the summer. (我喜欢在夏天游泳。)
- Have you finished reading the book? (你看完这本书了吗?)
作定语:
- a swimming pool (一个游泳池)
- a walking stick = a stick for walking (手杖)
- a sleeping car = a car for sleeping (卧铺车)
三、分词(Participle)
现在分词(Present Participle)
- 作定语:a running car (一辆正在行驶的汽车)
- 作状语:Seeing the sunset, she felt a sense of peace. (看到日落,她感到一种宁静。)
- Seeing the cat, the dog barked. (看到猫后,狗叫了起来。)
- 作补语:The story left me feeling sad. (这个故事让我感到悲伤。)
- 作表语:My favorite sport is running. (我最喜欢的运动是跑步。)
过去分词(Past Participle)
- 作定语:The broken window needs to be repaired. (破了的窗户需要修理。)
- a broken window (一扇破了的窗户)
- Can you repair the broken window? (你能修理这扇破窗户吗?)
- There are many fallen leaves on the ground. (地上有许多落叶。)
- 作状语:Having finished his homework, he went out to play. (完成作业后,他出去玩了。)
- 作补语:They found the door locked. (他们发现门锁着。)
- I saw a man knocked down by a truck. (我看见一个男人被卡车撞倒了。)
- He’s going to have his hair cut. (他打算理发。)
- 作表语:We were all very excited by the news. (我们都被这个消息所激动。)
- 作定语:The broken window needs to be repaired. (破了的窗户需要修理。)
这10个例子展示了非谓语动词在句子中的多种用法和功能,它们能够使得句子更加简洁、生动且富有表现力。掌握这些用法对于提高英语水平和表达能力至关重要。
