
以下是48个国际音标(IPA音标)及其对应的举例单词。这些音标涵盖了英语中常见的元音和辅音发音:
元音(20个)
- [i:] - see [siː] (看见)
- [ɪ] - sit [sɪt] (坐)
- [e] - bed [bed] (床)
- [æ] - cat [kæt] (猫)
- [ʌ] - up [ʌp] (向上)
- [u:] - too [tuː] (也)
- [ʊ] - book [bʊk] (书)
- [ɒ] - lot [lɒt] (许多)
- [ɔ:] - law [lɔː] (法律)
- [a:] - car [kɑː(r)] (汽车;英式发音)或 [ɜː] - car [kɜːr](美式发音)(汽车)
- [ə] - about [əˈbaʊt] (关于)
- [ei] - cake [keɪk] (蛋糕)
- [ai] - bike [baɪk] (自行车)
- [ɔɪ] - boy [bɔɪ] (男孩)
- [au] - house [haʊs] (房子)
- [ɪə] - ear [ɪər] (耳朵)
- [eə] - air [eər] (空气)
- [ʊə] - sure [ʃʊər](确定;老式或方言发音,现代标准发音为/ʃʊr/)
- [ɒr] 或 [ɔ:r] - or 在某些单词中的发音,如 for [fɔː(r)] / [fɔr](为了)
- 注意:[ɒr] 更常见于英式发音,[ɔ:r] 更常见于美式发音,但“or”的发音在不同单词中可能有所不同。
- [əʊ] - go [gəʊ] (去)
辅音(28个)
- [p] - pen [pen] (钢笔)
- [b] - bed [bed] (床)
- [t] - ten [ten] (十)
- [d] - dog [dɒg] (狗)
- [k] - king [kɪŋ] (国王)
- [g] - girl [gɜːl] (女孩)
- [f] - five [faɪv] (五)
- [v] - vest [vest] (背心)
- [θ] - think [θɪŋk] (想)
- [ð] - this [ðɪs] (这个)
- [ʃ] - shop [ʃɒp] (商店)
- [ʒ] - vision [ˈvɪʒn] (视力)
- [s] - sun [sʌn] (太阳)
- [z] - zoo [zuː] (动物园)
- [h] - hat [hæt] (帽子)
- [m] - man [mæn] (男人)
- [n] - no [nəʊ] (不)
- [ŋ] - ring [rɪŋ] (戒指;注意在词尾时发音可能较轻)
- [l] - leg [leg] (腿)
- [r] - red [red] (红色)
- [tr] - tree [triː] (树;这里的[tr]是辅音丛,但作为一个整体列出)
- [dr] - drink [drɪŋk] (喝;同样,[dr]是辅音丛)
- [ts] - cats [kæts] (猫们;[ts]是辅音丛)
- [dz] - beds [bedz] (床们;[dz]是辅音
