established[英][ɪˈstæblɪʃt][美][əˈstæblɪʃt]adj.已建立的; 已设立的; 已制定的; 确定的; v.确定; 建立( establish的过去式和过去分词); [植物学]使（植物）定植; 使成为; 双语例句1Their religious adherence is not to the established church.他们信仰的不是国教。2In the 1980s and 1990s computing platform decisions were made first by companies then by developers and later by individuals who took their cues from what standards were already established上世纪八、九十年代，计算平台的决策权最初掌握在企业手中，后来转移到开发商手中，随后又转移到那些借鉴已确定标准的个人手中
